Carnatic and Hindustani music are two separate genres of Indian classical music, each having its own distinct features and styles. While there are certain parallels between the two forms, such as the usage of ragas and talas, they also differ greatly in terms of repertory, instrumentation, vocal methods, and historical foundations. Let’s look at some of the fundamental contrasts between these two types of Indian classical music.
Hindustani music
Originated during the Delhi Sultanate period.
It is greatly inspired by Iranian music and other musical styles.
Dhrupad, Khayal, Tarana, Thumri, Dadra, and Ghazals are examples of Hindustani music.
Tabla, Sarangi, and Santoor are played as instruments.
Classical music
Carnatic music evolved from the Bhakti movement and is based on the trinity.
It is entirely indigenous and is usually secluded from outside influences.
Carnatic music forms include Alapana, Niraval, and Kalphaswaram.
Instruments include Veena and Mridangam.
Difference between Carnatic and Hindustani music
When contrasting the two, the differences between Hindustani and Carnatic classical music outweigh the similarities. Despite both traditions basing their music on the seven Swara, they differ in how they engage the voice and all of the other aspects that go into producing and presenting a musical work.
Use of vocals
The nasal voice is avoided by Hindustani classical vocalists. The emphasis is exclusively on expressing oneself through the vocal chord. In Carnatic music, however, having a nasal voice is typical.
Hindustani classical music teaches how to keep the voice stable on a specific Swara. Nevertheless, 'Gamaka,' a method of swaying a voice on aswara' repeatedly, is an important ornamentation technique utilized by Carnatic classical music practitioners.
Origins
Carnatic music has its origins in South India and is thought to have evolved from ancient Hindu temple ceremonies. The royal palaces and temples of the southern Indian states of Tamil Nadu, Karnataka, and Andhra Pradesh were the primary patrons of the musical style. Hindustani music, on the other hand, has its beginnings in North India and its growth is mostly linked to the Mughal courts throughout the mediaeval time.
Pitch
The notes are sung at different pitches in both music styles. They are divided into two types: Shuddha swara and Vakra swara.
The Ma or Madhyama is also performed at a slightly higher pitch in Hindustani classical music. All other iswara' Rishabh, Gandhar, Dhaivat, and Nishaad are sung at a one-note lower pitch.
Pitch variation in Carnatic music, on the other hand, is a little more complicated. Other from the Shuddha swara, which is also performed in Hindustani classical music, the other variable pitches in Carnatic music include Rishabh, Chaturshrungi, and Shatshruti.
In conclusion, Carnatic and Hindustani music are two distinct classical music traditions with unique features and characteristics. While both have similarities in terms of ragas and talas, there are significant differences in terms of structure, techniques, and instruments. Learning both styles of music can be a challenging yet rewarding experience for any music enthusiast.
At Artium Academy, you have the opportunity to take both Hindustani music and online Carnatic singing classes for beginners from their expert instructors who can guide you through the intricacies of each style. So, whether you are a beginner or an advanced student, Artium Academy can provide you with 1:1 training you need to excel in any music style. Book your free trial and start learning now!
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